Mozambican Culture and Philosophy: Historical Interactions, Ancestral Traditions, and Challenges in National Identity

Abstract

The investigation into Mozambican culture and philosophy reveals a rich cultural tapestry, shaped by both internal and external influences. The main objective of the study is to analyse how historical influences, such as Portuguese colonisation and contact with Arab traders, impacted the preservation and transformation of Mozambican philosophy and culture, as well as contributing to the construction of Mozambique's contemporary cultural identity. The central question is: "In what way have external influences impacted Mozambican philosophy and culture, and how have these dynamics contributed to the current cultural identity?" To answer this, a qualitative approach was adopted, including a review of specialised literature, interviews with scholars, and analysis of historical documents. Interactions with colonisation and contact with other African peoples reveal an ongoing process of resistance and adaptation, essential to Mozambican identity. Traditional philosophy, rooted in community and spiritual values, contrasts with the arrival of Western philosophy, which brought new challenges and perspectives. The findings indicate that Mozambique preserved its local traditions while integrating modern elements, creating a fusion of traditional and Western philosophies. This balance continues to shape the philosophical and social aspects of the country, reflecting the complexity of its cultural identity.