Econometric analysis of the relationship between Population Evolution and Economic Growth in Angola (1980-2023)
Keywords:
Econometric analysis, Angola, Economic growth, Population evolution.Abstract
Population growth is a crucial factor influencing a country's economic development. In the context of Angola, between 1980 and 2023, this dynamic played a significant role. This study analyzed the relationship between population growth and economic growth in Angola, considering population, gross fixed capital formation, exports, and investment in education as explanatory variables. The results revealed that population and export growth have positive and statistically significant effects on economic performance. Population growth contributed to the expansion of domestic demand and the labor force, boosting production and investment, while export growth, especially of natural resources, played a decisive role in consolidating the Angolan economy. Investment in education, although not having immediate effects, proved to be relevant in the long term, reinforcing its structural importance for sustained development. However, the benefits of population growth are conditioned by the quality of the workforce and the capacity of the labor market to absorb it. The conclusions point to the need for public policies that promote investment in education and skills development, economic diversification, strengthening of the private sector, innovation, and demographic and health policies, with a view to sustainable and inclusive growth. This study contributes to the scientific debate on the determinants of development in emerging economies and provides relevant insights for the formulation of strategic policies in Angola, while acknowledging limitations related to data quality.
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