Sustainability as a competitive differentiator for Mozambican transport SMEs in the South African market
Keywords:
SMEs, transport, sustainability, competitiveness, regional integration.Abstract
This study examines how sustainability can be a strategic competitive differentiator for Mozambican small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the transport sector in the South African market. The research used a mixed methodological approach, with multiple case studies supported by interviews, questionnaires, and documentary analysis. The results show that, although SMEs face structural obstacles such as regulatory barriers, high operating costs, and limited technical capacity, the even incipient adoption of sustainable practices (such as reducing fuel consumption and preventive maintenance) is positively associated with improved institutional image, reduced costs, and greater acceptance by partners who value ESG criteria (environmental, social, and governance). The empirical evidence shows that sustainability helps mitigate risks and consolidate competitive advantages. The focus group highlighted the importance of collaborative and contextualized strategies, proposing solutions such as the shared use of clean technologies and strengthening partnerships with academic institutions. The documentary analysis revealed a mismatch between existing public policies and the reality of SMEs, with restrictions on access to incentives in Mozambique. It was concluded that sustainability must be understood as a structuring axis of competitiveness, not merely as a normative imposition. Institutional reforms, inclusive public policies, and synergies between the public, private, and academic sectors are needed to promote a sustainable and competitive business ecosystem in the SADC region.
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